Glossary of Terms

Alarm

Incident defined on surveillance system to trigger an alarm in XProtect Smart Client. If your organization uses the feature, triggered alarms are displayed in views that contain alarm lists or maps.

Archiving

The automatic transfer of recordings from a camera’s default database to another location. This way, the amount of recordings you are able to store will not be limited by the size of the camera’s default database. Archiving also makes it possible to back up your recordings on backup media of your choice.

Aspect Ratio

Height/width relationship of an image.

AVI

A popular file format for video. Files in this format carry the .avi file extension.

Bookmark

An important point in a video recording, marked and optionally annotated so that you and your colleagues will easily be able to find it later.

Camera Navigator

A feature that allows you to see all your cameras in relation to each other, for example, as they are laid out according to a floor plan. Using the Camera Navigator, you can navigate from one camera to the next from a single view.

Carousel

A particular position for viewing video from several cameras, one after the other, in a view in XProtect Smart Client.

Codec

A technology for compressing and decompressing audio and video data, for example in an exported AVI file.

Custom overlay

A user-defined, graphic element that users can add to a smart map, for example to illustrate a floorplan in a building, or to mark borders between regions. A custom overlay can be an image, a CAD drawing, or a shapefile.

Deadzone

A deadzone determines how much a joystick handle should be allowed to move before information is sent to the system. Ideally, a joystick handle should be completely vertical when not used, but many joystick handles lean at a slight angle. When joysticks are used for controlling PTZ cameras, even a slightly slanting joystick handle could cause PTZ cameras to move when it is not required. Being able to configure deadzones is therefore often desirable.

DirectX

A Windows extension providing advanced multimedia capabilities.

Event

A predefined incident occurring on the surveillance system; used by the surveillance system for triggering actions. Depending on surveillance system configuration, events may be caused by input from external sensors, by detected motion, by data received from other applications, or manually through user input. The occurrence of an event could, for example, be used for making a camera record with a particular frame rate, for activating outputs, for sending e-mails, or for a combination thereof.

Fisheye Lens

A lens that allows the creation and viewing of 360° panoramic images.

FPS

Frames Per Second, a measure indicating the amount of information contained in video. Each frame represents a still image, but when frames are displayed in succession the illusion of motion is created. The higher the FPS, the smoother the motion will appear. Note, however, that a high FPS may also lead to a large file size when video is saved.

Frame rate

A measure indicating the amount of information contained in motion video. Typically measured in FPS (Frames Per second).

GOP

Group Of Pictures; individual frames grouped together, forming a video motion sequence.

H.264

A compression standard for digital video.

Like MPEG, the standard uses lossy compression as it stores only the changes between keyframes, removing often considerable amounts of redundant information: keyframes stored at specified intervals record the entire view of the camera, whereas the following frames record only pixels that change. Together with a very large degree of compression, this helps greatly reduce the size of video in the H.264 format. The very large degree of compression in H.264, however, can use considerable resources on the devices involved in the data communication.

For example, the computer running XProtect Smart Client should be able to use considerable resources on decompressing H.264 video when it receives it from the surveillance system.

Hexadecimal

A numeral system with a base of 16, meaning that it uses 16 distinct symbols. Here used for defining color nuances in the map view's color tool.

Host

A computer connected to a TCP/IP network. A host has its own IP address, but may—depending on network configuration—furthermore have a name (host name) in order to make it easily identifiable.

Host Name

A name by which a particular computer on a network is identified. Host names are often easier to remember than IP addresses.

Hotspot

A particular position for viewing magnified and/or high quality camera images in XProtect Smart Client views.

I/O

Short for Input/Output.

I-Frame

Short name for intraframe. Used in the MPEG standard for digital video compression, an I-frame is a single frame stored at specified intervals. The I-frame records the entire view of the camera, whereas the following frames (P-frames) record only the pixels that change. This helps greatly reduce the size of MPEG files. An I-frame is similar to a keyframe.

JPEG

An image compression method, also known as JPG or Joint Photographic Experts Group. The method is a so-called lossy compression, meaning that some image detail will be lost during compression. Images compressed this way have become generically known as JPGs or JPEGs.

JPG

See JPEG.

Keyframe

Used in the standard for digital video compression, such as MPEG, a keyframe is a single frame stored at specified intervals. The keyframe records the entire view of the camera, whereas the following frames record only the pixels that change. This helps greatly reduce the size of MPEG files. A keyframe is similar to an I-frame.

Layer

The geographic background on a smart map, a custom overlay, or a system element, for example a camera. Layers are all the graphic elements that exist on the smart map.

MAC Address

Media Access Control address, a 12-character hexadecimal number uniquely identifying each device on a network.

Map

1) XProtect Smart Client feature for using maps, floor plans, photos, etc. for navigation and status visualization. 2) The actual map, floor plan, photo, etc. used in a view.

Matrix

A product integrated into some surveillance systems, which enables the control of live camera views on remote computers for distributed viewing. Computers on which you can view Matrix-triggered video are known as Matrix-recipients.

Matrix-recipient

Computer on which you can view Matrix-triggered video.

Monitor

An individual monitor in XProtect Smart Wall.

MPEG

A group of compression standards and file formats for digital video, developed by the Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG). MPEG standards use so-called lossy compression as they store only the changes between keyframes, removing often considerable amounts of redundant information: Keyframes stored at specified intervals record the entire view of the camera, whereas the following frames record only pixels that change. This helps greatly reduce the size of MPEG files.

Output

Data going out of a computer. On IP surveillance systems, output is frequently used for activating devices such as gates, sirens, strobe lights, and more.

Overlay button

A button appearing as a layer on top of the video when you move your mouse cursor over individual camera positions in views on the Live tab. Use overlay buttons to activate speakers, events, output, move PTZ cameras, start recording, clear signals from cameras.

Pane

Small groups of buttons, fields and more located in the left side of the XProtect Smart Client window.

Panes give you access to the majority of the XProtect Smart Client's features. Exactly which panes you see depends on your configuration and on your task, for example on whether you are viewing live video on the Live tab or recorded video on the Playback tab.

P-Frame

Short name for predictive frame. The MPEG standard for digital video compression uses P-frames together with I-frames. An I-frame, also known as a keyframe, is a single frame stored at specified intervals. The I-frame records the entire view of the camera, whereas the following frames (the P-frames) record only the pixels that change. This helps greatly reduce the size of MPEG files.

Port

A logical endpoint for data traffic. Networks use different ports for different types of data traffic. Therefore it is sometimes, but not always, necessary to specify which port to use for particular data communication. Most ports are used automatically based on the types of data included in the communication. On TCP/IP networks, port numbers range from 0 to 65536, but only ports 0 to 1024 are reserved for particular purposes. For example, port 80 is used for HTTP traffic which is used when viewing web pages.

Preset

A predefined layout for an individual monitor in XProtect Smart Wall.

PTZ

Pan-tilt-zoom; a highly movable and flexible type of camera.

Recording

In IP video surveillance systems, the term recording means saving video and, if applicable, audio from a camera in a database on the surveillance system. In many IP surveillance systems, all of the video/audio received from cameras is not necessarily saved. Saving of video and audio in is in many cases started only when there is a reason to do so, for example when motion is detected, when a particular event occurs, or when a specific period of time begins. Recording is then stopped after a specified amount of time, when motion is no longer detected, when another event occurs or similar. The term recording originates from the analog world, where video/audio was not taped until the record button was pressed.

SCS

File extension (.scs) for a script type targeted at controlling XProtect Smart Client.

Sequence Explorer

The Sequence Explorer lists thumbnail images representing recorded sequences from an individual camera or all cameras in a view.

The fact that you can compare the thumbnail images side-by-side, while navigating in time simply by dragging the thumbnail view, enables you to very quickly assess large numbers of sequences and identify the most relevant sequence, which you can then immediately play back.

Speakers

In the context of XProtect Smart Client: Loudspeakers attached to a camera that allows XProtect Smart Client users to talk to audiences at the physical location of a camera.

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol; a protocol (i.e. standard) used for sending data packets across networks. TCP is often combined with another protocol, IP (Internet Protocol). The combination, known as TCP/IP, allows data packets to be sent back and forth between two points on a network for longer periods of time, and is used when connecting computers and other devices on the Internet.

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol; a combination of protocols (i.e. standards) used when connecting computers and other devices on networks, including the Internet.

URL

Uniform Resource Locator; an address of a resource on the world wide web. The first part of a URL specifies which protocol (i.e. data communication standard) to use when accessing the resource, whereas the second part of the URL specifies the domain or IP address at which the resource is located. Example: http://www.myorganization.org.

View

A collection of video from one or more cameras, presented together in XProtect Smart Client. A view may include other content than video from cameras, such as HTML pages and static images.

A view can be private (only visible by the user who created it) or shared with other users.

VMD

Video Motion Detection. In IP video surveillance systems, recording of video is often started by detected motion. This can be a great way of avoiding unnecessary recordings. Recording of video can of course also be started by other events, and/or by time schedules.

XProtect Transact

Product available as an add-on to surveillance systems. With XProtect Transact, you can combine video with time-linked Point of Sale (PoS) or ATM transaction data.

© 2018 Milestone Systems A/S